Random SALOHA and CSMA protocols that are used to access MAC in ad hoc networks are very small compared to the multiple and spontaneous use of the transmission channel. So they have low immunity to the problems of packet collisions. Indeed, the transmission time is the critical factor in the operation of such networks.
The simulations demonstrate the positive impact of erasure codes on the throughput of the transmission in ad hoc networks. However, the network still suffers from the intermittency and volatility of its efficiency throughout its operation, and it switches quickly to the saturation zone. In this context, game theory has demonstrated his ability to lead the network to a more efficient equilibrium. This, we were led to propose our model code set that formalizes the behavior of nodes during transmission within SALOHA networks and CSMA respectively.
Professor Malek Benslama, Constantine University, Algeria.
Wassila Kiamouche, Lecturer Constantine University, Algeria.
Hajj Batatia, Lecturer , ENSEEIHT IRIT, Toulouse, France.
FOREWORD ix
INTRODUCTION xi
LIST OF ACRONYMS xv
CHAPTER 1. AD HOC NETWORKS: STUDY AND DISCUSSION OF PERFORMANCE 1
1.1. Introduction 1
1.2. Concepts specific to ad hoc networks 2
1.2.1. Topology 2
1.2.2. Connectivity 3
1.2.3. Mobility 4
1.2.4. Networks: wireless mesh network (WMN), wireless sensor networks (WSN) and mobile ad hoc network (MANET) 5
1.2.5. Routing 7
1.2.6. Weak security 9
1.2.7. Access to the environment 9
1.3. MAC protocols in mobile ad hoc networks 10
1.3.1. ALOHA 10
1.3.2. CSMA 15
1.4. Energy consumption in ad hoc networks 25
1.4.1. Energy overconsumption and/or waste 28
1.4.2. Toward more efficient energy consumption 30
1.5. Conclusion 34
CHAPTER 2. GAME THEORY AND COMMUNICATION NETWORKS 35
2.1. Introduction 35
2.2. Introductory concepts in game theory 38
2.2.1. Game 38
2.2.2. Player 38
2.2.3. Strategy (pure and mixed) 39
2.2.4. Utility 40
2.2.5. General classification of games 41
2.2.6. Equilibrium 44
2.3. Nash equilibrium 46
2.3.1. Definition 46
2.3.2. Existence 47
2.3.3. Uniqueness 50
2.3.4. Specific cases 51
2.4. Famous games 52
2.4.1. The prisoners dilemma 52
2.4.2. Cournot duopoly 53
2.5. Applications to wireless networks 55
2.5.1. Routing game 56
2.5.2. Power control game 58
2.6. Conclusion 60
CHAPTER 3. GAMES IN SALOHA NETWORKS 61
3.1. Introduction 61
3.2. Functioning of the SALOHA algorithm 64
3.2.1. Study of stability 68
3.2.2. Transmission time 72
3.3. Modeling of node behavior in SALOHA with a strategic coding game 73
3.3.1. Issues 73
3.3.2. RS erasure codes 75
3.3.3. The impact of erasure encoding on SALOHA 79
3.3.4. Description of game model 80
3.3.5. Study of utility 83
3.3.6. Discussion of equilibrium 84
3.4. SALOHA network performance at Nash equilibrium 86
3.4.1. Coding cost 86
3.4.2. Loss rate 87
3.4.3. Output 88
3.4.4. Stability 90
3.4.5. Transmission time 91
3.5. Conclusion 92
CHAPTER 4. GAMES IN CSMA NETWORKS 93
4.1. Introduction 93
4.2. CMSA performance 95
4.3. Sources of problems in CSMA networks 99
4.4. Modeling of node behavior in CSMA using a strategic coding game 100
4.4.1. Game model analysis 100
4.4.2. Utility function 101
4.4.3. Discussion of equilibrium 103
4.5. CSMA performances at equilibrium 105
4.5.1. Coding/decoding price (cost) 105
4.5.2. Output 106
4.5.3. Transmission time 108
4.5.4. Energy optimization at equilibrium 109
4.6. Conclusion 110
CONCLUSION 113
BIBLIOGRAPHY 119
INDEX 139
